Basic of Computer Science - System

Basic of Computer Science – System

A computer is an integrated form af different components that work together to give a desirable result. It has different component and each works for a specific purpose; however, they generate common result as required by the user.



Component of the Computer System

Let us understand the following basic components of a computer system.

  • Hardware
  • Software
  • Humanware
  • Firmware
  • Birdgeware

Hardware

The physical components collectively from the hardware of a computer system. Hardware comprises of the equipment that helps in the working system of the computer.

Following are the different types of hardware components (which have specific function) –

  • Monitor – It displays (visual) the result.
  • CPU – It is the Central Processing Unit that controls the computer’s functions and transmits data.
  • Motherboard – It is mainly accountable to establish communication between components and transmission of information.
  • RAM -  It is the Random Access Memory and responsible for the storage of programs that are currently running and also stores data temporarily.
  • Hard Disk Drive – It is a permanent memory storage device.
  • Floppy Disk Drive – It is hardly being used in recent times.
  • Optical disk – It ia device that also store data. For example, CD, DVD, etc.

Input & Output Device

Input Device

Output Device

Input Device

Output Device

Mouse

Monitor

Microphone

Speaker

Keyboard

Printer

Camera

Earphone

Scanner

Projector

Trackball

Monitor

Touchpad

Plotter

Joystick

Monitor

 

Software

The hardware components can only function when software components are added to the computer system. Software is a program that performs different commands given by user.

Software is an intangible part of hardware and controls the sequence of operations.

Types of Software

Depending on the basic features and functionality, software can be categorized as-

  • Operating System (OS)
  • Application Software (AS)
  • E-accessibility Software

Let us now discuss the software components in brief.

Operating System

This software helps to load the basic program automatically as soon the computer is started. Following are the major types of operating system-

Operating Software

Example

Microsoft Windows

XP, Vista, etc.

Mav OS X

Panther, Cheetah, Snow, leopard, etc.

Linux

Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, Knoppix, etc.

 

Application Software

The software, which can be used on an installed operating system, is known as application software. Following are the significant example of application software-

Application Software

Example

Office Programs

Microsoft Office, OpenOffice, LibreOffice, etc.

Web browser

Internet, Explorer, Mozilla, Firefox, Google Chrome, Opera, Safari, etc.

Antivirus Program

Norton, McAfee, Quick Heal, Avira, Kaspersky

 

E-accessibility Software

The E-accessibility software components additional facilities to users such as –

  • Voice recognition software
  • Screen reader
  • Magnifying tool
  • On-screen keyboard
  • Video games
  • Learning software, etc.

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